Refillable shell for firearms



NOV. 28, A F. GA|DQS REFILLABLE SHELL FOR FIREARMS Original Filed Oct. l2, 1931 Patented Nov. 28, 1933 y l i @MTBE STEs PEM? y 1,936,905:- A REFILLABLESSHELL non FIREARMS 'v Alonzo F'. Gaidos, Redwood City, Calif.

Application october' 12, 1931,- semi-E Nu.- 568,252."

Renewed Januaryfi, 1933 17 Claims. Y (Cl. I02f14) 'This invention relates to practice shells for understood'that the same may bey readily con# use firearms, and particularly -to rellable struct'ed with minor'fvariations Vfor. center. nre practice shells of the type described in mycocartridges aswell as forA rim nre cartridges. pending application for'ipractice cartridge,iled .In carrying out my invention, I- make use of a- December 22,.1930,.Serial No.'503,957. shellimade oi two-longitudinalysectionsV 6 and 75- 603- An object of my invention'istoprovide a prac- 'Ilfiedischarge` end of "the .section 6 is' recessed.-` ticeshell in which the propelling chargesinvariat '8 'and has a projectile vsuch as thebullet 9, ous weights are prepared in theform of blank. pressed therein.. On the other. endzoi the section 6i A cartridgesofl varying lengths, fitting in the reis'areduced externally threaded male portionell. lo illable shell so as tobe Aheldinspacedrelation A longitudinal recess'- 12e-extends iroinltlie outer 65H4 behind a suitable bullet to provide an expansion endof the male portion 11' inwardly toa shoulder' chamber for the complete-combnstionof the gas 13'of fthe recess 8. The" recesses 81 and 12 are evolved from the burning ofv the powder charge, communicated witheacli other by afree passage thusallowing the ef'cient and accurate Varying forming' an expansion:'chamber` 11i-.between the l at will of the range'and velocity-ofthe bulletfire'dreare'nd of thebullet 9 andthe inner end ofl a` 7% from. any firearm the'shell nts. c blank cartridgeX165inV the recess 12. The blank' 2 Another objectoi the invention ris the provision cartridge-16 may'l be made of various-lengths,tooi apractice shell:` which is readily reloaded by containV various charges Vas desired. Therim 17` separating longitudinal sections of the shell', one' of'the' blank cartridgeA 16 isof larger outerdi- 120. of the sections'being adapted to seal 'the liing ameter thanftl'ie'body of `the cartridge 16 and175f end of the shell byutilizing the expansion ofthe abuts against the outer end of theijsaidimale por? cartridge rim, and also to engage the s'aidirimto tionV 11'. It is jt'ozbe notedthat the outer' diameter extract thelred cartridge Afrom the other shell' of tliezrimf17isnot greaterthan the diameter;

when the sections are separatedlfor reloading.` of the" said' male portion 11. Y

25. @ther objects andadvanta'ges are to provide l Theotlierisection''l has' an internally threadedl`- a rellable shell for' irearms that Will be superiorv female y"end 19'to engage the male portion 11iof; in pointl of simplicity, inexpensiveness of contheother shelllse'ction'. The'outer diameters off struction, positiveness of operation', and facility the "Sectionsff arid 7 arethe same so" that the`v` w and convenience inuse and'general eflciency.- assembled unit ion'nsy a continuous shell "ci theI =36 -In this speciication and the annexed' drawing, usual shape. At tliefinner. end of the female. 85h;l theinvention is illustrated in the form consideredv threads 19`is formed an annular recess or notch 21,1 to'be'the best, but'itis to be understood that the which surrounds theouter' peripheryof'the cai"-` invention isv not limited to such' forni, because it .tridge' rim 17"vvhen the ammunition is assembled.: may be embodied in other forms; and it is also to Adjacent to the notch 21fis`=a transverse partitiorr T- be understood that in and by the Vclaims following-v 22 in the section 7; whichhas an aperture 23 there- 196i the description,` it is desired to cover the inventhrough toaccornmodate the reduced end=24 of a' tion whatsoever form it may be embodied. pin. 26"therein.` The herein illustration The invention is clearly illustrated in the ac-l shovvstheI firing -pinl'for rim re cartridgesin a v companyi'ng drawing wherein; L centerreinrearm, therefore theaperture 23;is

40 Fig. 1 is a sectional vievv of the componentsj a eccentric relatively to thersection-7 and the re- 95.

completeroundof'ammunition inposition for duced' pin. end 24 iis.. correspondingly eccentric assembly. l relativelygtovthe -ring'pin 26. .The outer or iiring Vlig. 2 is a sectional view'of' an assembled and endof theiiring pin 26 is beveled at'2'7 `and loaded round of ammunition. heldin place by'spreading. the corners28 ofthe v4.5"v 1 Fig. r3 is a cross's'ectional View of the shell sec firing .end of the section 7 over' the bevel 27 so as 100 tion-.atthe'ringend of the Shell, the section beto allow limited longitudinal play of the firing ing taken on the line-3-l3v offFig. '1. pin 26 in the' sectionA 7. This longitudinal move'- Fig. 4 is-a"s'ectional'view of a shell'after it is ment is allowed by reason of; the clearance 29fin red, the sections being shown `in the relative front of the pin 26.

positions immediately after separation. A complete round of ammunition is formed by v105 Fig. 5 is a side elevational View'of an assembled, the aforementioned components assembledin the loaded roundv of ammunition. i manner described in the following. First the bul- While the herein embodiment showsl a round' let 9 is placed into therecess` 8 of the section 6; of ammunition `for use in connection with rim in the manner describedfinmyaforementionedco#l nre'eartridges, in a center rerearm, it istobepending application. v Then the blank cartridge 16 110 is inserted in the recess 12 of the section 6. The

Vblank cartridge is selected according to the propelling charge required. If the shooter wishes to Apractice in the basement, for instance, at twentyve yards, then a short blank cartridge is used, and for practice at greater distances correspondingly longer cartridges are used.

Then the female end 19 --is screwed-onto the male end 11 so that the sections 6 and v'l are,V detachably united and the cartridge 16 is iirmly held "rearm. The ring mechanism of the arm strikes the auxiliary pink 26Ycausing the latter to strike the primer rim 17 of the cartridge 16, whix'zlrI ignites the charge in the blank cartridge 16,. The

gases fromgthe. burning charge kexpand Ain the chamber 14 and. exert a pressure on the base of the bullet 9, to expel the same. Upon ring .the rim 17 of the cartridge expands against the partition 22 and into the annular'recess or notch 21, thereby positively sealing-fthe aperture 23. The notch 21- holds the rim 17-so thatrwhen theA sections 6` and 7 'are` unscrewed yand detached 4from each other, the section '7v extracts thefred blank cartridge '16 from ythe section 6. Inasmuchas the` :metal of the blank cartridge is comparatively pliant, it can be V.readily pulled out of the section'l-,the force of the manual pull deforming-the rim 17 sufficiently to allow its` withdrawal from the notch 23. Then a new-bullet and cartridge can be inserted in the vsection 6, andY the components assembled in the aforesaid manner lto forma reloaded round of ammunition-L ,In order to `'facilitate the handling of the sections, aV portion` ofV the outer periphery of each section isV knurledk as at 31. c

While the iring pin 26 can'be readilydropped backtoward the Ai'lring end of the section 7 by slightly shaking the shell, Yyet it is desirable, as a measureA of safety, to render. the retraction of the reducedpin end`24 and of the pin 26 automatic. Y A recess. 32 is providedinthe yendcof'the pin'26 adjacent the partition 22, infwhich recess isf'disposed a coil spring 33 bearing against the bottom of the recess 32 at one end thereof and,A

against the ltransverse-section 22.- at-the 'other end.

' The spring 33 being of the compression type urges the iiring'pinY 26 rearwardly and away'from the cartridge 16, thereby drawingback the t'reduced l.pin end ,24 therewith, and permitting theready assembly.r of the shell. `Whenthe firing mechav nism ofa'irearm strikes the pin v26,-the.latter is moved against'the action ofthesp'ring 32'towar u the partition V22 as heretofore set forth.

In some instances the dischargeY end-of, the

shell section 6 expands slightly" and 'in order to prevent looseness of the end of the'bullet 9 therein at any time, the recess 8 is provided'with aY rearwardly tapered, conical Vinner wall of such incline as topermit Athe pressing of the bullet therei'nto withouten'g'aging thek shoulder 13'.l d Thev Y morethe recess 8; is expanded, the farther the vbullet 9 extends intothe recess 8; Then by slightly compressing .the said discharge end,ythe recess 8 is again-returned to-Vits original shape. 1 Thus,

' aLcomparatively large :number of ybullets 9 may be projected from .the shell without any lo'oseness orfplay -or the necessity otreadjustment. of the discharge end of the shellsection 6, anduproper compensation is made for the usual deformation of the recess 8 of this type.

Having thus described this invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with a shell made vof detachably united longitudinal sections and havingV a bullet fastened inthe section at the discharge end of the shel1a cartridge in the other shell, and4 a ring mechanism, of meansin the second section of the shell to grip the rim of the cartridge when the rim is expanded by the explosion of the charge so as to extract the fired blank cartridge from the rst section when the shell sections are detached' from each other, and means operatively related to said gripping means to allow the action of the ring mechanism of a firearm upon the cartridge. ,i 1 Y tachably united longitudinal sections and having a bullet fastened in the section at the discharge Y end of.-.the shell, a cartridge in the vother shell,

2. TheV combinationl with a `shell made of deand aring mechanismof a sealing. element inY the second section adjacent the end of thecars, 'rhercombinationwith a `sneu mdefdfdeV-Y- tachably united longitudinal sections and having a bullet fastened inthe section at the discharge end .of the shell, a cartridge inthe other shell, and a ring mechanism, of a partition wall inv the second section-adjacent the rim end ofythe cartridge and y adapted to. allow r,the action of a ring mechanism therethrough, said section having an annular notch formed therein -at said rim to receive the expanded rim after the cartridge is red to seal .the second section against escapement of gases and to retain .saidrrimwhile the sections are separated.v

r 4. The combination with ashell made of detachably united longitudinal sections and having a bulletfastened in the section at the discharge end ofthe shell;;a cartridge'in the other shell, of an auxiliary firing mechanism in the second section beingadapted to convey the action of a usual Vfiring mechanismv to the cartridge, a partition between,..theV auxiliaryriringv mechanism and the end of the cartridge adapted to allow ,the ring action ofsaid yauxiliaryl mechanism therethrough, saidv second-:section havingy an annular recess around the rim of the cartridge intor which the rim expands when the cartridge. is fired to seal the second section at said partition, and to be re- V tained thereinwhile the shell sections are separated, c i. ,l

1.5. In a Areiillable shell, a shell section `having a bullet in one end anda cartridge in the Vother v end thereof, so that they rim of the cartridge is outside of the second; end of the shell sectioma secondy shell (section, detachably secured Vto .the second'end of the rst shell section'and adapted to accommodate aV liring pin in its other end,

andmeans inr the second sectionKV against; which the rim of wthe cartridge isexpanded'as the caroutsideof the second Vend of theshell section, a

a rellable shell, a shell section 'havingV i igoseeos;

means in" the secc'molil section; against whichtthe rime-ofthecartridge expandedgas the cartridge` is' iii-red izo-14 seal:V theiring end; of tl'lie second shells.V

and means related to said sealing meansit'o: 11e-.- ceiize and. retain the expanded rim of the cartridge when the shell sections are separated.

7. In combination, a shell section having a bullet in one end thereof, and a portion at its other end into which a cartridge fits so that the rim of the cartridge is outside the end of the said portion, another shell section having a portion on an end thereof to be secured over the said rst portion on the first section, the other end of said second shell section being adapted to accommodate a ring pin therein; and means in the second section against which the rim of the red cartridge is expanded to seal the ring end of the second section.

8. In combination, a shell section having a bullet in one end thereof, and a male portion at its other end into which a cartridge fits so that the rim of the cartridge is'outside the end of the male portion, another shell section having a female portion on an end thereof to be secured over the said male portion, the other end of said second shell section being adapted to accommodate a nring pin therein; and means in the second section against which the rim of the red cartridge is expanded to seal the ring end of the second section, said last means being adapted to hold the cartridge rim when the sections are separated so as to extract the cartridge from the first section.

9. The combination with a shell made of detachably united longitudinal sections, to hold a cartridge in operative relation behind a bullet in 1an end of the shell and inoperative relation Vto a ring mechanism at the other end of the shell, of a perforated partition wall intermediate the. ends of one section between the rim ofthe cartridge and the firing mechanism, to allow the i action of the ring mechanism through its per- .,itachably united longitudinal sections, to hold a cartridge in operative relation behind a bullet in an end of the shell and in operative relation to a ring mechanism at the other vend of the shell, of a perforated partition wall in one section between the rim of the cartridge and the firing mechanism, to allow the action of the firing mechanism through its perforation, the said partition being so disposed that the rim of a fired cartridge is ex-v panded thereagainst to seal the said perforation, said second section having an annular recess formed therein around the rim of the cartridge to receive and hold the expanded rim periphery so Y as to extract the rim from the first section, when the shell sections are detached from each other.

11. In a shell made of detachably united lon- Y gitudinal shell sections, the combination with a section having a bullet in one end and a cartridge in the other end thereof, of a second section detively to the rim of the cartridge when the sectionsA are unitedasto allow. the expansion ofthe rofi the ied cartridge thereagainst to prevent thee'soapement of gases toward theif'ring pin.

a shellfmadeof detachablyunited' lon.-

gitudinal' shell .setztionsgrthe combination` with a sectionl having; abullet inone end4 and ai 'cartridge inf ottierendfr tlfiier'eof,v of a second section detaclliablyr` secured to thev cartridge receivingY end off the. first section; a .transverse partition divid-y ing the second section, a ring pin on the outer' side of the partition, said partition being adapted toI allow the action of the pin on the rim of the cartridge, said partition being so disposed relatively to the rim of the cartridge when the sections are united as to allow the expansion of the rim of the fired cartridge thereagainst to prevent the escapement of gases toward the flring pin, said second section having an annular recess formed therein around the rim of the cartridge to receive and hold the expanded rim periphery so as to extract the rim from the iirst section when the shell sections are detached from each other.

13. In a-rellable shell of the character described, a pair of longitudinal shell sections, a threaded male end on one section, a complemental threaded female end on the other section, a bullet in the discharge end of the first section, a cartridge in the threaded male end of the rst section, the said male end being adapted to hold the rim of the cartridge outside of the said male end; an auxiliary ring pin in the firing end of the second section, a partition in the second section abutting against the rim of the cartridge when the sections are assembled, said partition being perforated to allow the striking of the rim by the pin therethrough, and said second section having an annular recess therein in registry with the periphery of the cartridge rim to receive and hold the rim periphery when therim is expanded by the firing of the charge in theV cartridge.

14. A rellable shell comprising a shell section having a female thread at one end, a discharge shell section having a male thread thereon in engagement with the said female thread, a bullet pressed into the discharge end of the discharge section; a cartridge removably disposed in the discharge section, said discharge section being adapted to hold the cartridge in spaced relation to the base of the bullet; an auxiliary ring pin in the rst section extending from the firing end of said section substantially to the said cartridge and being adapted to transmit the stroke of the firing mechanism of the firearm to the said cartridge.

15. A refillable center re shell for a high pressure firearm comprising a shell section having a female thread at one end, a discharge shell section having a male thread thereon in engagement with the said female thread, a bullet pressed into the discharge end of the discharge section; a rim re cartridge disposed in the discharge section, said discharge. section being adapted to hold the cartridge in spaced relationV to the base of the bullet; an auxiliary firing pin in the first section extending from the firing end of said section substantially to the said cartridge and being adapted to convert the center fire action of the firing mechanism of said firearm to rim fire action on the rim of said cartridge to transmit thel stroke of the ring mechanism of the firearm to the said cartridge. v

16. In combination a shell, tubular sections arranged end to end to form the shell, one of 'l said sections having an enlarged recess formed in the free end thereof, a projectile` vin said ref cess, a shank `of reduced diameter formed at the:`

Y other end of the same section, a cartridge irlserted in said shank so that the rim ofY the cartridge abuts the end of the shank, means to deL- 17. In a rellable shell comprising two detachable sections, of. the character described, a pro-- ljectile in an end of the shell, and a propelling chargein the shell rearwardlyfof the projectile;I

said shell having a recess at its discharge end tapered from the end inwardly to receive said projectile. f.

` ALONZO F.^GAIDOS. A 

